Kemgbe ikpe mbụ nke ọrịa coronavirus, na Disemba 2019, ọrịa na-efe efe agbasala ọtụtụ nde mmadụ n'ụwa niile.Nke a zuru ụwa ọnụ ọrịa nke akwụkwọ akụkọnnukwu ọrịa iku ume coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)bụ otu n'ime ihe na-akpali akpali na gbasara ọgbaghara ahụike zuru ụwa ọnụ nke oge a, na-etinye nnukwu ihe egwu n'ụwa ma na-emetụta akụkụ niile nke ndụ mmadụ.[1]
A na-ekpuchi Coronaviruses, ezi uche, nje RNA nwere otu eriri na ezinụlọ Coronaviridae, nke nwere ọtụtụ ndị ọbịa dị ka mmadụ, ụsụ, kamel na ụdị anụ ọhịa, gụnyere anụ ụlọ na anụmanụ ibe, na-etinye ihe egwu na ahụike ọha. 1 Coronaviruses bụ nkewa n'ime ezinụlọ Orthocoronavirinae, nke kewara ekewa n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ anọ, dabere na ọdịiche dị na usoro protein: a-coronavirus, b-coronavirus, g-coronavirus, na d-coronavirus.Ndị a-coronaviruses na b-coronaviruses na-efe efe naanị mammals, ebe g-coronaviruses na d-coronaviruses na-ebutekarị nnụnụ, n'agbanyeghị na ụfọdụ n'ime ha nwere ike ibunye ụmụ anụmanụ.HCoV-229E,
oV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, SARSCoV, MERS-CoV, na SARS-CoV-2 bụ coronaviruse asaa achọpụtara na-efe efe mmadụ.N'ime ha, SARSCoV na MERS-CoV, bụ ndị pụtara n'ime mmadụ na 2002 na 2012, bụ ọrịa na-efe efe nke ukwuu.Ebe coronavirus mmadụ (HCoV) -229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, ma ọ bụ HCoV-HKU1 na-ekesa n'ime ụmụ mmadụ na-akpata naanị oyi nkịtị,7 ajọ ọrịa iku ume coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), onye na-akpata ọrịa. COVID-19, bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ b-coronavirus, nke pụtara n'oge na njedebe nke 2019 wee bute ọnwụ na-agbawa obi.Ihe mgbaàmà mbụ nkeCOVID 19yiri nke SARS-CoV na MERS-CoV: ahụ ọkụ, ike ọgwụgwụ, ụkwara akọrọ, mgbu obi elu, mgbe ụfọdụ afọ ọsịsa, na dyspnea.N'adịghị ka gara agaọrịa coronavirus (CoV)., Mgbasa ngwa ngwa zuru ụwa ọnụ, ọnụego nnyefe dị elu, ogologo oge nnabata, ọrịa asymptomatic karịa, yana oke ọrịa SARS-CoV-2 chọrọ ihe ọmụma miri emi gbasara atụmatụ mgbapụ nke nje virus.
Dị ka coronaviruse mmadụ ndị ọzọ (SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV), SARSCoV-2 nwekwara otu genome nke nwere ezi uche, nke nwere ezi uche nke gburugburu 30 kb n'ogo.Dị ka egosiri na eserese 1, protein nucleocapsid (N) viral na-ejikọta genome n'ime nnukwu ribonucleoprotein (RNP), nke lipids na protein viral S (spike), M (membrane), na E (envelopu) na-ekpuchi ya.Ngwugwu 50 nke genome nwere nnukwu okpokolo agba abụọ mepere emepe (ORF), ORF1a na ORF1b, na-edobe polypeptides pp1a na pp1b, nke emepụtara n'ime protein 16 na-abụghị usoro (NSPs) gụnyere akụkụ ọ bụla nke mmegharị nje site na nje proteases NSP3 na NSP5 na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri. ngalaba protease dị ka papain na ngalaba protease dị 3C, otu n'otu. na nhazi nke nje nje na ORF3b na ORF6 na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ndị na-emegide interferon.Dabere na nkọwapụta ugbu a na ndabere nke usoro myirịta na b-coronaviruse ndị ọzọ, SARS-CoV-2 gụnyere amụma nke protein ngwa isii (3a, 6, 7a, 7b, 8, na 10).Agbanyeghị, ọ bụghị ndị ORF ndị a ka enwetara nnwale nnwale, yana ọnụọgụ ngwa ngwa nke SARS-CoV-2 ka bụ isi okwu.Ya mere, a ka amabeghị nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ga-esi na genome kọmpat gosipụta n'ezie.[2]
Nnwale dị oke mkpa na nke akọwapụtara dị oke mkpa iji chọpụta na jikwaa ndị ọrịa COVID-19 yana mmejuputa usoro njikwa iji gbochie ntiwapụ ahụ.Nnwale ihe nleba anya (POC) nwere ikike ikwe ka nchọpụta mbụ na ikewapụ abụọ nke ikpe SARS-CoV-2 enwetara, ma e jiri ya tụnyere usoro nyocha ụlọ nyocha, si otú a na-ebelata nnyefe ezinụlọ na obodo.
[1]Mmetụta ahụike na arụmọrụ nke nchọpụta SARS-CoV-2 ngwa ngwa na ngalaba mberede.
[2] Ọgụ dị n'etiti ndị ọbịa na SARS-CoV-2: mgbochi ebumpụta ụwa na atụmatụ mgbapụ nje
Oge nzipu: Mee-25-2022